Introduction The period from 1971 to 1977 marks an important chapter in Pakistani history, defined by the strong leadership of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto. Coming into power after the shocking events of the Bangladesh Liberation War and the separation of East Pakistan, Bhutto took control of a divided nation facing significant political and economic challenges. His […]
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Introduction In 1976 Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto appointed General Zia Ul Haq as the Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistani military. Later, on July 5, 1977, Zia ul Haq removed Bhutto from his government and imposed martial law in the country. He promised to conduct an election in the country within 90 days, […]
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Introduction The ideology of Pakistan is an Islamic ideology. It is a multifaceted concept. The reason is, that it includes various aspects of the political, social, and religious identity of the Muslims. It is also based on the idea that Muslims in India needed to have a country where they could freely practice their religious […]
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The Boundary Commission headed by Sir Cyril Radcliffe was formed in July 1947 to demarcate the boundaries between the newly created nations of India and Pakistan. It presented the Boundary Commission Awards on August 17, 1947. Background of Boundary Commission or Radcliffe Award The partition of British India into two separate nations, India and Pakistan, […]
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Introduction The Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946 was a significant proposal put forward by the British government to address the issue of India’s independence and the future political structure of the country. Its members were A.V. Alexander, Sir Stafford Cripps, of the Cripps Mission, and Lord Pethick Lawrence, the Secretary of State of India. Note: […]
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Introduction The 3rd June Plan, also known as the Mountbatten Plan, was an important proposal that played a crucial role in the partition of British India and the creation of two separate nations, India and Pakistan. It was formulated on June 3, 1947, as a response to the growing demand for independence and solving the […]
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Introduction In 1943, Lord Wavell took charge as the Viceroy of India. He was charged with presenting a formula for the future government of India that would be acceptable to both INC and the All-India Muslim League, allowing for a smooth transition of power. Lord Wavell was considered an appropriate person for this task because […]
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Introduction The Cripps Mission of 1942 was an important event in India’s struggle for independence. It was a diplomatic initiative commenced by the British government to secure Indian cooperation and support during World War II. Background of the Cripps Mission of 1942 The Cripps Mission was named after Sir Stafford Cripps, a member of the […]
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Introduction The Lahore Resolution plays an important role in the Pakistan Movement. It provided a clear direction to the Muslim leaders who were fighting for Muslim rights in India. It was moved by A. K. Fazal Ul Haq, the resolution stated, “No constitutional plan would be workable in this country or acceptable to the Muslims […]
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Introduction to the Congress Ministries Congress ministries were formed in July 1937. They had adopted a bitter policy against the Muslims of India. The atrocities of Congress Ministries are given below. Mosques and Cow Slaughter Banned New mosque construction had been banned, and Muslims were harassed during their prayer time. Intolerance towards religion ruled the […]
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